The most popular programming languages - which one is worth learning?

This question is probably asked by all people who intend to enter the IT industry and take up programming in their professional lives. The easiest way to answer it is by reviewing the most popular jobs for programmers, well, and the salaries for each position.

The issue of earnings in the IT industry has been addressed in a separate article. This text focuses on market trends, presenting the currently most popular programming languages. The analysis is based on the two most prominent indexes - TIOBE and PYPL.

PYPL - PopularitY of Programming Language

PYPL, on the other hand, on the number of searches for tutorials or various types of guides on programming languages on Google. This index measures current interest in learning a particular language, and thus more quickly captures new trends and changes in programmer preferences. PYPL thus focuses on the real demand for learning and education, rather than the overall number of websites.

Worldwide, May 2025:

Python - the universal leader

Python maintains its position as the most popular programming language, mainly because of its versatility and accessible syntax. It is particularly valued in areas such as:

• Artificial intelligence and machine learning,
• data analytics and big data,
• process automation,
• web application development,
• Internet of Things (IoT).

Python stands out for its rich ecosystem of libraries, such as TensorFlow, PyTorch, NumPy and pandas, which allow programmers to quickly build advanced AI models and analyze data. Its easy-to-read syntax makes it ideal for novice programmers, further increasing its popularity.

JavaScript - indispensable in the web world

JavaScript remains the foundational language for creating interactive websites and web applications (React, Angular). It is worth mentioning that the language is often cited as the easiest language for beginners to learn, which also makes it a good choice for starting a programming career.

Java - a reliable choice for business applications

Java maintains a stable position at the top of the rankings, especially in the area of enterprise applications and enterprise solutions. Currently, its importance is also significant in such areas as:

• IoT solutions and smart devices,
• mobile applications for the Android platform,
• microservices and cloud applications.

Java offers cross-platform capabilities, a solid object-oriented programming foundation and an extensive ecosystem of tools. Its knowledge is highly valued in the job market, as evidenced by the large number of job openings requiring this technology.

C and C++ - basics of system programming

The C and C++ languages invariably remain important in the programming industry, especially where performance and direct access to hardware resources matter. They are mainly used in:

• system programming and controllers,
• Developing high-performance desktop applications,
• computer game programming,
• embedded systems and IoT.

These languages are admittedly more difficult for beginners to master, but their knowledge provides a solid foundation for learning other programming languages.

C# - a pillar of the Microsoft ecosystem

C# ranks fifth in the TIOBE index and is one of the leading programming languages, especially in the Microsoft environment. It is mainly used in:

• developing desktop applications for Windows,
• game development using the Unity engine,
• .NET-based enterprise solutions,
• Web applications using ASP.NET.

C# is popular among desktop application and game developers due to its advanced technology features and easy integration with the Microsoft ecosystem.

Go (Golang) - performance and simplicity

Go, also known as Golang, ranks seventh in the TIOBE index. The language was created by Google employees, and is distinguished by its high performance and simplicity, finding applications in:

• microservices and cloud applications,
• development tools,
• distributed systems,
• server software.

Go is particularly appreciated in the area of cloud and microservices applications, where its performance and simplicity are key advantages.

Rust - security and performance

Rust, although outside the top ten of the TIOBE index (position 18), is often mentioned as one of the languages of the future. Mainly due to its approach to memory security and performance. Its most important application areas are:

• system programming,
• safety-critical applications,
• cyber security solutions,
• software for IoT.

Which programming language should you choose to get started?

For most people beginning to learn programming, choosing one of the leading languages will be the best strategy for entering the dynamic world of technology. While doing so, it is important to remember that the choice of a programming language to learn should take into account both current market trends and individual preferences and goals.

For beginners with no specific career plans, Python would be the best choice - due to its simplicity of learning, versatility and strong market position. Those interested in web development should start with JavaScript, along with HTML and CSS. Future business application developers, on the other hand, should start with Java or C#.

On the other hand, if you would like to get into data analysis and AI, we again recommend Python to start with, possibly R as a complement, and for game development enthusiasts: C++ or C# (Unity).